Vietnam war

9. To prevent east germans from fleeing to the west, it cut off communications between the west and east and the western influence.

10. They were communists in Cuba and this incident is known as the cuban missile crisis, they blockaded cuba as an attempt to force russia to take their missiles out of cuba.

11. Allowed him to use American forces in Vietnam.

12. Herbicide they spray to clear out forests and tall grasses in Vietnam, but it was believed to have contaminated many Americans and Vietnamese causing serious health problems.

13. The north Vietnamese and Vietcong attacks on south Vietnam that took place on the Vietnamese new years Tet.

14. there was no direct attack on American soil, the generation gap the new generation didn't believe in fighting the war like the old one did, we weren't winning, it cost us a lot of money, people were being forced to join the military.

15. Reasons why LBJ should not run:
1. Didn't have the support of the younger generation
2. It was a good idea to put someone new in office who had a different view of approaching the war since Johnson was already losing.
3. No one trusted his decisions involving the war.

Don't know much about history part 2

1) Why did FDR want to pack the Supreme Court? Did it work? Do you think this was constitutionally correct?

· So they would be in favor the new deal so it could get passed. It didn’t work and it wasn’t really constitutionally correct.

2) What is a theory about Amelia Earhart's death? Why was she important?

· That Japanese shot her down, and there was another one that she ran out of fuel and crashed into the ocean. She was the first female to cross the Atlantic, she was going to go across the world but she didn’t make it. A model of a rugged feminism.

3) What was Lend-Lease?

· America would lend tanks, warplanes, and ships that could be returned in kind after the war. He granted un presidented powers to aid any country whose defense was deemed vital to any defense.

4) Discuss the BATTLE OF BRITAIN.

· It was a 16-week air war, which caused Britain more then 900 planes and thousands of civilian lives, Germany lost 1700 aircrafts. England was about to run out of the cash it needed to keep their defense alive.

5) What were some of the reasons isolationists wanted to stay out of the war?

· They didn’t want the ammunition makers making a large profit.

6) What was the traditional definition of Fascism? Who were the Fascists of Europe in the 30s?

· A military dictatorship built on racist and power for the nationalistic foundations generally with the broad support the business class. They were people who didn’t like other governments. Hitler and Mussolini.

7) Who were the Axis Powers?

· Germany, Japan, and Italy.

8) In what year and month did Japan invade Perking?

· July, 1937.

9) What were the aggressive actions of Germany and Italy before the start of WWII?

· They marched into Austria and Hitler declared Austria re-untied with Germany. And he demanded the Sudeten land in Czechoslovakia and then they took the rest of Czechoslovakia and then he took Poland. And everywhere in Western Europe.

10) What are the two views of Pearl Harbor?

· The first was that FDR was preoccupied with the war in Europe and didn’t want war with Japan. The other one is that he wanted to be in the war and he knew about the attacks and that Japan was going to do something.

11) What does Japan cite as reasons to go to war?

· America stopped giving them oil. And America loaned money to the nationalists in china.

12) What is the date of Pearl Harbor?

· December 7^th, 1941

13) What is the date of D-Day?

· June 6^th, 1944

14) What was the cost of World War II?

· More than 38,000,000 people died. 22 million from Russia, 3.5 million Germans, 1.2 million Japanese a lot were soldiers, 300,000 in the united states.

15) What was the Yalta Conference?

· It was the moping up meeting between Winston Churchill, FDR, and Joseph Stalin. They met in Yalta.

16) What did Stalin demand in return for his agreement to enter the war against Japan?

· The soviets would control Manchuria and Mongolia and would be ceded half a Sakhalin Island and Kurile Islands, off northern Japan; a Soviet occupation zone would be created in Korea; and in the United Nations, a veto power would be given to the major nations, of which the Soviet Union was one, along with the United States, Great Britain, France, and China.

17) What is FDR's legacy?

· He was the indispensable man of his time, which was the Depression and WWII. The new Deal, and the first 100 days. He was a near dictator, he had a lot of power, WPA, NRA

18) Did the U.S. have to drop Atomic weapons on Japan? List the various PROs and CONs to this argument.

· Yes, If they hadn’t they would have had to invade Japan and many American lives would have been lost. It was bad because if they dropped it out of the plane and it didn’t explode then the Japanese resistance would have been a lot less.

19) How did the Cold War start?

· The idea that we have a nuclear bomb and we have it and we are not afraid to loose it, the big stick. And it was the build up of nuclear weapons on each side.

Dont know much about history

1) Name five important books of the 1920s.

· Gatsby, three soldiers, main street, Babbitt, Arrow smith and Elmer gantry

2) What was the first "talkie"? How did it change America?

· The jazz singer, it was a multi million dollar production, and Hollywood became “Hollywood.”

3) Discuss the "Red Scare of 1919".

· It was the idea that anything slightly tainted by socialism was dangerous. So foreigners started being deported.

4) What was the 18th amendment? Why was it enacted? How did it go wrong?

· It prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxication liquors. It was supposed to be an answer to social instability and moral decline at the beginning of the 21^st century. There were a lot of riots and organized crime skyrocketed. The invention of illegal things such as bath tub gin and moonshine were created to compensate for the decline of legal alcohol which in the end the amendment didn’t stop or end alcoholism and alcohol related deaths because if people wanted a drink they drank.

5) Who were Susan B. Anthony and Alice Paul?

· Together they set up the NWSA, Susan B. Anthony was called the napoleon of women’s rights, and they were women activists. They pushed for reforms in New York and continued to urge the vote for women at the national level; they thought it was just as important as black people being able to vote.

6) What is important about Henry Ford? How did he change America?

· He revolutionized the automobile industry. He perfected the assembly line and the versions of the automobiles. He came out with the first Model T. The American dream of freedom on the open road became a reality.

7) What is important about Charles Lindbergh? How did he symbolize the times?

· He was the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic. It took him 33 hours. He was a symbol of “do anything” American inventiveness.

8) What were "pool operators" and how were they crooked?

· They were schemers. They would make stock prices go up really high and then they would con someone into buying their stocks at a high price and then the stock would go way down and they would take that money and run.

9) How were stocks inflated? How did this cause the crash?

· They got inflated because every one was buying them and then they would borrow money from the brokers who would borrow money from the bank and then they wouldn’t be able to pay them back so then the banks closed which was the crash.

10) What was Black Thursday and Black Tuesday?

· On black Thursday 13 million stocks were sold and then Black Tuesday more than 16 million stocks were sold.

11) What was Hoover's view of Government relief programs?

· That they need to stay out of the problems and they need just let things work themselves out and that hope and good/happy times were around the corner.

12) What was the "Bonus Army"?

· 10,000 veterans went to Washington D.C. because they were supposed to be getting a bonus in a couple years and they wanted it now so they led a riot.

13) What happened during the "Hundred Days"?

· It was the new deal, which was FDR’s attempt to bring the economy back up by making government funded programs that employed the people in order to bring the economy back up.

14) What was the WPA and what did it do?

· Workers progress administration. It was set up for federal construction projects. It also set up artistic projects that employed thousands of musicians, writers and artists.

15) What were Roosevelt's FIRESIDE CHATS and why did they become important?

· It was where FDR did radio broadcasts about what was going on in the government and it made the people feel more secure

History review notes

George Armstrong Custer: general that lead the army out numbered against Siuox indians and got slaughtered. They were going to negogiate a move but he lead an attack
JP Morgan- Owned over half the rail road. Started the first trusts. He was corrupt. Formed standard oil of cleveland with the first trust.

W.E.B. Du Bois- Black public speaker wrote a book describing how black needed to rise up and get better things for themselves. The souls of black folks

James Butler Hickok- ‘Wild Bill’ Symbol of cowboy life and the wild west.

Theodore Roosevelt- 26th president, trust buster, great president, formed the progressive party

Eugene Debs- Union leader, founded the international labor union and the industrial workers of the world, he was a socalilist

Benjamin Harrison- republican President, grandson of William Harrison, Sherman anti trust act (first federal law to control trusts and monopolies)

William McKinley- Republican President, assassinated in office. Roosevelt is his VP. His death changed the company because a lot of big companies didn’t want Roosevelt in any power position. McKinley supported big business

John D. Rockefeller- Revolutionized oil.

Be able to discuss the Importance of the following:

The assassination of William McKinley- turning point

The Robber Barons and what they did- set up trusts in order to control one area of business and get rid of competition

The Jungle- a book on the meat industry on how it was corrupt. Influences Roosevelt to put restrictions on the industry and to go further with the FDA. Last novel to create social change
Why the Spanish American War was fought- To free cuba, war created and pushed by new paper. It was actually imperiolisim, to expand

Wounded Knee- the indians last stand. Massacre of the Indians.

Custer’s Last Stand- What triggered the end of the native americans

Jim Crow- represented black Americans and segregation of America.

Separate But Equal-

How the 14th Amendment was used to protect corporations- Grants rights to African Americans and some lawyer takes the wording to show that corportations are a person. Which would protect the investers. So when the coporation does something wrong the coporation gets sued not the investors.

The Panama Canal- French tried first. Colombia didn’t agree sent

Roosevelt and his “big stick”- did what roosevlet wanted. He got what he wanted

Other questions:

What lands did America get from winning the Spanish-American War? Cuba, Puerto rico, mid way, Guam, filippines,
How did this war make America an Imperial Country? We expanded outside of our own country and took over other countries
How did Theodore Roosevelt rise in politics? Started out as the assistant to the abministry to the navy, becomes a hero in the Spanish American war, become VP and than President.


Things to Know Part II
Things to Know: Don’t Know Much About History 231 – 248

What was the Bull Moose Party?
Teddy roosevelts party that he set up when he lost the republican seat to taft. Also known as the progressive party.

Why is W.E.B. Du Bois connected with John the Baptist?
He was the John the Baptist of that era. People saw him as someone like John the Baptist.
How many votes did Eugene Debs receive in 1912? What was his party?
He was the socialist candidate who received 6 percent of the votes, nearly a million

What was the 16th Amendment?
Imposed an income tax

What was the 17th Amendment?
Says that US senators are elected by popular direct vote

Why did America become “Big Brother” to Latin America under Woodrow Wilson.
Because that panama canal was almost completed and he wanted to ensure that American power in the hemisphere would not be threatened,

How did World War I start?
The archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne was assassinated and those they declared war on who they blamed

Why did World War I start?
Honor and wealth

What were the divisions (or sides)?
Austria Hungarian Empire
Germany
America Serbia
Russia
France
Great Britain

Discuss the importance of the Lusitania.
It was Americas reasoning for entering the war even though this isn’t completely true. Protect the open seas from German raiders in their U-boats who were killing innocent Americans aboard passenger ships

Why, ultimately, did the United States enter World War I?
Because the powerful forces such as the industries, banks and commerce wanted it so they could gain wealth. And America wanted a piece of the spoils

How many casualties did the Battle of the Marne have?
500,000 an each side
What was the Espionage Act? Do you consider this act legal?
To prevent spying in the US and to also silience American critics of war. No because it goes against freedom of speak.

How many Americans died in WWI? How many people died totally?
130,174 Americans, 8,965,000 died total

How was the world map reshaped after WWI?
Hungary lost 2/3 of it’s land
Yugoslavia, Chzechoslovakia, Poland, Baltic were formed from the territory of the Austro-Hungarian and German Territory.
And the rest of the empire became Austria
People:

Woodrow Wilson- President during the war, Finishes the panama canal, president after Taft. He wanted amaerica to stay neutral during the war
General John J. Pershing- First general to lead Americans into the world war
Eugene Debs- Leader of the socialist party. Sent to prision for 10 years for making a speech that was said to obstruct recruiting going against the Espionage act
Howard Taft- President after Teddy Roosevelt, chosen by Roosevelt.
Upton Sinclair-Author of the Jungle. About the meat industry and how it was corrupt. Last novel to creat social change

Chapter 18 questions

Chap.18 study questions

7.) It allowed them to transport goods all over the country, and they could bring food and supplies to the workers.

8.) It began in Victoria, Texas.

9.) Fertile land, for farming, and the buffalos.

10.) African American settlers, who migrated from southern states into Kansas in the late 1870’s.

11.) There was a lack of moisture, flash floods would wipe out all their crop, and when they planted it down deep the plants would not produce large crop yields.

12.) They slaughtered them, to feed the crews who were building the railroads, and to get them out of the way of the railroad.

13.) Oklahoma

14.) He was the Apache leader who was stuck on an Arizona reservation, he led raids against settlers in the army in Arizona. He escaped to Mexico.

15.) It prevented them from getting into debt. It offered farmers education, fellowship, and support.

16.) Free silver

17.) It created large cities including Denver, but there were many ghost towns as well, and boom towns. Virginia city became very popular.

18.) They needed railroads to transport their cattle.

19.) They got into debt and lost their lands, the cost of crops went down, while the prices to buy went state high.

20.) Actions:

-Put them on reservations
-They forced them to adopt the white ways, like education
- The united states army attacked them

21.) Montana

22.) North-east part of Montana

23.) In the north east part of Arizona

History Quiz questions

CIVIL WAR:

How did the Civil War shape our lives today?
It would still be segregated. It would be different with the blacks. Starts the process of civil rights. The strong central government and weak state governments is finally resolved.
Name three ways the Civil War changed the South.
Destroyed their economy, freed the blacks, lost power in the government, and they even today still have resentment
What constitutional right did Lincoln suspend?
Haydesys corpus: right to have a trial before going to jail and not being able to be jailed forever
List the four border states.
Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware
Why did West Virginia form?
They didn’t want to break from the union like most Virginia
What disadvantages did the South fact?
Didn’t have as many men, didn’t have as such rail road or factories, didn’t have as much money or food, had to ship in all their supplies
Why did the Confederate States believe they had a right to leave the Union?
Thought they had the right to leave if the government was doing something that was destructive to their safety and happiness.
What were the three main strategies of the Union?
Blockade the coast, take control of the Mississippi and take the South Capital.
What was the average age of soldiers who fought in the Civil War?
25
What was the outcome of Bull Run?
It wasn’t going to be a short war but a long bloody battle
Discuss the Battle of Shiloh.
First huge battle with a lot of casualties. Grant Vs Johnston. 25,000 casualties over 3 days
What were Lincoln’s reasons for the Emancipation Proclamation?
Political strategy, it would passify some of his enemies in the north. Allowed the slaves to run away from the south.
What did the 13th Amendment do?
Said blacks were equal, freed them
How was the Civil War a rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight?
The rich men could get out of fighting while the poor had to. Taking away the Slaves effected the rich people the most.
Discuss the draft laws in the north.
All men were drafted to fight and when called had to go but if you had 200 dollars you could pay to get out of it
Discuss the importance of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg.
Big wins for the Union, gave them hope and revival. Gettysburg Lee lost a lot of his army so they could never invade the south.
How did Sherman use “Total War” against the South?
He marched right down the middle and burned and destroyed everything in his path
Who were the Presidents of the Confederacy and the United States during the Civil War?
Union: Abe Lincoln
Confederates: Jefferson Davis

What, exactly, did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
It didn’t really free any slaves but just gave hope

Chapter 16

1. The blockade was an offensive move used by the union.
2. The confederate army had many blockade runners, along with the first ironclad warship
3. There were four border states that didn’t know whether or not to side with the Union or the confederates.
4. Two of Lincolns moves that helped the Union win was to draft soldiers and also on those within union borders but were against the Union, jail them without enforcing habeas corpus
5. 1861- 1865
6. They were fighting a defensive war, had better leaders at least at first, and they had more will to fight
7. The United States president was Abraham Lincoln and the Confederates was Jefferson Davis
8. She gathered medical supplies and supplied them to the Union along with medical help at the front line
9. To prevent them from getting supplies
10. It was the Unions first big win that gave them confidence for future battles
11. That any enslaved person in a state of rebellion was now free
12. On the North side they fought both in the Navy and in the Army and for the South they worked the land so the white men could fight and this supplied the South
13. It destroyed it, since most the war was fought in the South, a lot of stuff was destroyed and the south laid in ruins. Farmland was destroyed, and railroad were torn up. There was an inflamtion of 9000 percent.
14. Lee and his men could go home even with their horse so long as they left their arms
15. They disagreed with it so they formed West Virginia and seceded from Virginia and joined the Union
16. To the North, it divided the Confederate and prevented them from shipping or receive supplies. The South used to the transport supplies
17. It was really a fight for their freedom so they had passion for the war and there were so many of them that if you used them you had more people and a better chance at winning
18. We was a very strategic man and planned attacks well, he was also good to his men and they respected him and he got things done
19. 
    

Event	Year	Significance
Attack on Fort Sumter	1861	Confederates first attack, start of the civil war
Monitor V. Merrimack	1862	It marked a new age in naval warfare (first battle between two metal- covered ships
Emancipation Proclamation issued	1863	Showed that we were also fighting for slave freedom
Lincoln is reelected	1864	It meant the Union would keep pushing to get the Confederates to rejoin the union and not just make peace with the south
Appomattox Court House	1865	Where Lee surrendered at, ending the War

1. Cemetery Ridge
2. Ewell
3. Ewell, Lee, Hill, Longstreet, and Pickett

Don't know much about history part 2

Reading Questions for "Don't Know About History"

1) Why does the author suggest that John Brown had a sense of humor?

- He makes a joke, when President Buchanan put a price of $250 on Browns head, Brown responded with a bounty of two dollars and fifty cents on Buchanan’s

2) What was John Brown's plan?

His plan was to march south, arm the slaves who would flock his crusade and establish a black republic in the Appalachians to wage war against the slaveholding South

3) Why did John Brown become a symbol? To the North he became a symbol of a martyr in a just cause, He was a forceful and eloquent spokesman for the cause of abolition. South, he represented yankee interference in the souths way of life taken to its extreme.

4) When and why did South Carolina succeed from the Union?

1860, many reasons, what brown did. The south felt it was being over powered by the north, and the south way of life was being threatened.

5) List some of the advantages of the North at the beginning of the war. List some of the advantages of the South at the beginning of the war.

North: More people, more money, more industrialized, it vastly outproduced the south, they had a better way of increasing their wartime supplies.

South: was in a defensive war, they had beeter commanders, were better riders, better with weapons, and showed a greater martial spirit.

6) List some of the (5) famous battles of the Civil War with a brief description of each.

First battle of the bull run: First major battle of the war. 30000 Union soldiers and about the same number of Confederate soldiers. Fought in Manassas Virginia. Both green armies. Confederates beat the Union, chasing them back to DC.

Battle of Ball’s Bluff: takes place in Virginia. Another rout of Union Forces with some 1,900 Union troops killed.

Battle of Shiloh: Confederate forces under Albert Johnston attack Grant’s army. Union Forces are nearly defeated, but reinforcements arrive and drive off the Confederate army. 13,000 Union troops and 11,000 Confederate troops are lost in 2 days.

The seven Days’ battle: Lee attacks McClellan and eventually drives him away from Richmond ending the Peninsular Campaign.

Battle of Gettysburg: Confederate troops in search of shoes run into a group of Union troops. A three day battle where many are killed (Confederates lost 28,000). Final turning point in the war, Union army turns back repeated Confederate assaults.

7) How do you view Lincoln's suspension of "the writ of habeas corpus"?

I honestly think it was a good move at the time. It was a move to help the Union within Union boundries. He did what he had to do, if you were supporting the South but living in the North you could only expect to be watched more closely.

8) What if Lee's plan had not been found at the battle of Antiem?

I really think the south would have won. If Lee hadn’t been found out he the south would have gotten the support of the foreign nations.

9) What was the reconstruction?

It was the process of joining the nation back together. Letting the Southern States readmit to the Union.

10) Why did the Klu Klux Klan form?

It was a post civil war group of white southerners formed to as a backlash to reconstruction. They wanted to prevent blacks in politics.

11) Discuss Andrew Johnson's impeachment.

He was impeached for trying to dismiss an official who had been appointed with Senate consent without getting senate approval and this man Johnson tried to dismiss was an ally of the Radical Republicans.

Manisfest Destiny

1)What was Manifest Destiny?
The idea that the United States was meant to extend its borders from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
2) The Oregon Territory consisted of what area? Who claimed it?
Giant area that lay between the Pacific Ocean and the rocky Mountains north of California. Included all of what is now oreagon, Washington and Idaho and parts of Montana and Wyoming. Who claimed it? United States, Great Britain, Spain and Russia.
3) Who were the Mountain Men?
People who spent most of their time in the Rocky Mountians. Made their living by trapping Beaver and trade fur. Many had Native American wives and adopted the Native American Ways. They lived in buffalo-skin lodges and dressed in fringed buckskin pants, moccasins and beads.
4) Why was the Oregon Trail important?
It provided a passage for the settlers moving west. Start of the Great Migration.
5) Discuss the meaning behind the slogan "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight"?
reffered to the line of latitude that Democrats believed should be the nation’s northern border in Oregon. Get/fight for Oregon.
6) James Polk made what promises to the American public during the election
of 1844 (list four - you might need to look up on the internet).
He supported American clams for sole ownership of Oregon.
7) Discuss how Texas became independent.
The U.S. Texasn banned together with volunteers and they fought and they liberated San Antonio.
March 2 1836 they declared their independence. They formed a Declaration of Independence. Santa Anna recognized their independence on March 14.
Extra: Their was more Americans in Texas then Mexicans who hadn’t adopted their ways so Mexico issued a Decree, which stopped more Americans from settling in Texas anymore.
8) Discuss the battles of The Alamo and San Jacinto.
Alamo was a small Texan force barricaded inside a nearby mission. They were low on gun powder and they had 180 men to their thousands but they stood their ground.
San Jacinto – Sam Houston marched his army to a camp of Mexican army. He captured some of the men including Santa Anna
Texas thinks very highly of itself and it did win the war of its independence from another country.
9) How long did it take the U.S. to annex Texas? Why?
It took about 9 years, because the United States had to agree to bring in a slave state. And because there would be an unbalance of slaves states.
10) How did the Mexican-American War start? Why did it start? Was it a "Just War"? American settlement in the southwest led to conflict with Mexico. Fulfilling manifest destiny, and possession would guarantee that the united States had a clear passage to the Pacific Ocean – an important consideration because the British still occupied part of Oregon.
Was it Just? No because they had no right to take it, Mexico declined their request so they took it by force.
11) What was the American response to the war?
The north didn’t like it, the democrats wanted it though.
First – American troops would drive Mexican forces out of the disputed border region in Texas and make the border secure.
Second – the United States would seize New Mexico and California
Third – American forces would take Mexico City, Capital of Mexico
12) List the major battles of the war.
Mexico city – ends the war
Monterrey
Santa Fe
Buena Vista
Bear Flag Revolt
13) What was the cost of the war?
The war cost the United States nearly $100 million to fight them and $25 million for their land, and Mexico lost half its territory.
14) Why was the California Gold Rush important?
The lure of gold and the promise of religious freedom drew many settlers westward.


PG 380 6-10, 13-15

6) That they would coexist.
7) He didn’t want an unbalance of slave and no slave states.
8) They would have access to the Pacific and we would be bordered by ocean and not another country.
9) We wanted their land and they didn’t agree to our buying.
10) They could charge whatever they wanted to the miners.
13) It gave us a lot more land, new Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Colorado and Utah.
14) They didn’t like it.
15) We took over the southwest and with the Oregon Trail we coexisted.